Editing Minuscule 659

'''Minuscule 659''' (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland|Gregory-Aland]] numbering), ε 1216 ([[Biblical manuscript#Von Soden|von Soden]]),<sup>[1]</sup><sup>[2]</sup> is a [[Greek language|Greek]] [[New Testament minuscule|minuscule]] [[manuscript]] of the [[New Testament]], on parchment. [[Palaeography|Palaeographically]] it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents.<sup>[3]</sup><sup>[4]</sup> [[Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener|Scrivener]] labelled it by 637<sup>e</sup>.<sup>[5]</sup>

== Description  ==

The codex contains the complete text of the four [[Gospel]]s, on 293 parchment leaves (size 20.8 cm by 16 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 20 lines per page.<sup>[3]</sup>

It contains Prolegomena to the Gospels and the lists of the κεφαλαια (''tables of contents'') before each Gospel. The text is divided according to the [[Ammonian Sections]] (in Mark 241 sections - 16:20), with a references to the [[Eusebian Canons]]. It contains [[lectionary]] markings at the margin, noticed proper lessons for feasts and weekdays, subscriptions (υπογραφαι) at the end of each Gospel, and pictures of [[Four Evangelists|Evangelists]] are placed before every Gospel.<sup>[5]</sup><sup>[6]</sup>

== Text ==

[[Kurt Aland]] did not examine the Greek text of the codex by using his method of a thousand readings; as a result it is still not placed in any of [[Categories of New Testament manuscripts|Aland's Categories]].<sup>[7]</sup>

The text of the manuscript was not examined by using the [[Claremont Profile Method]],<sup>[8]</sup> in result its textual character is still not determined.

== History ==

Scrivener and Gregory dated the manuscript to the 12th century.<sup>[5]</sup><sup>[6]</sup> Currently the manuscript is dated by the [[Institute for New Testament Textual Research|INTF]] to the 12th century.<sup>[4]</sup>

The manuscript was written by one Hilarion.<sup>[1]</sup> It was brought from the East to Berlin.<sup>[6]</sup> Gregory saw the manuscript in 1887.<sup>[6]</sup> It was examined and described by Kirsopp Lake and Silva New.<sup>[9]</sup> The manuscript was housed in Berlin in the [[Berlin State Library|Preußische Königliche Bibliothek]] (then Prussian State Library, actually Berlin State Library) with the shelf-number Gr. quarto 55.<sup>[5]</sup><sup>[6]</sup>

At the end of 1943 the year saw increased frequency of the [[Bombing of Berlin in World War II|bombing of Berlin]]. The Prussian State Library sent many collections out of Berlin to be sheltered in [[Silesia]] for safekeeping. As the result of postwar border changes some of these collections were found in Poland (among them minuscule 659). They were moved to the Jagiellonian University Library.<sup>[10]</sup>

Currently the manuscript is housed at the [[Biblioteka Jagiellońska]] (Fonds der Berliner Handschriften, Graec. quarto 55), in [[Kraków]].<sup>[3]</sup><sup>[4]</sup>

== See also ==
* [[List of New Testament minuscules]]
* [[Biblical manuscript]]
* [[Textual criticism]]

== References ==

== Further reading ==
* [[Kirsopp Lake]] & Silva Lake, ''Dated Greek Minuscule Manuscripts to the Year 1200'', Boston V, 202.

== External links ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_659 Wikipedia Article on Minuscule 659]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0659}}
[[Category:Greek New Testament minuscules]]
[[Category:12th-century biblical manuscripts]]


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