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	In [[linguistics]], a '''suffix''' (also sometimes called a ''postfix'' or ''ending'') is an [[affix]] which is placed after the [[Stem (linguistics)\|stem]] of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the [[grammatical case]] of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the [[grammatical conjugation\|conjugation]] of verbs. Particularly in the study of [[Semitic languages]], a suffix is called an '''afformative''', as they can alter the form of the words to which they are fixed. In [[Indo-European studies]], a distinction is made between suffixes and endings (see [[Proto-Indo-European root]]).		In [[linguistics]], a '''suffix''' (also sometimes called a ''postfix'' or ''ending'') is an [[affix]] which is placed after the [[Stem (linguistics)\|stem]] of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the [[grammatical case]] of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the [[grammatical conjugation\|conjugation]] of verbs. Particularly in the study of [[Semitic languages]], a suffix is called an '''afformative''', as they can alter the form of the words to which they are fixed. In [[Indo-European studies]], a distinction is made between suffixes and endings (see [[Proto-Indo-European root]]).

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	== External links ==		== External links ==
	* [http://www.prefixsuffix.com/ Comprehensive and searchable suffix reference] angelica12estrella		* [http://www.prefixsuffix.com/ Comprehensive and searchable suffix reference] angelica12estrella
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	[[Category:Linguistic morphology]]		[[Category:Linguistic morphology]]

Nick: Protected "Suffix" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

2010-12-31T15:53:15Z

Protected "Suffix" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

←Older revision

Revision as of 15:53, 31 December 2010

Nick: New page: In linguistics, a '''suffix''' (also sometimes called a ''postfix'' or ''ending'') is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are...

2010-12-31T15:52:58Z

New page: In linguistics, a '''suffix''' (also sometimes called a ''postfix'' or ''ending'') is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are...

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In [[linguistics]], a '''suffix''' (also sometimes called a ''postfix'' or ''ending'') is an [[affix]] which is placed after the [[Stem (linguistics)|stem]] of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the [[grammatical case]] of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the [[grammatical conjugation|conjugation]] of verbs. Particularly in the study of [[Semitic languages]], a suffix is called an '''afformative''', as they can alter the form of the words to which they are fixed. In [[Indo-European studies]], a distinction is made between suffixes and endings (see [[Proto-Indo-European root]]).

Suffixes can carry grammatical information ([[inflection]]al suffixes). ([[Derivation (linguistics)|derivational]] suffixes). An inflectional suffix is sometimes called a '''desinence'''.<sup>[]</sup>

Some examples from English:

:''Girl'''s''''', where the suffix ''-s'' marks the [[plural]].
:''He make'''s''''', where suffix ''-s'' marks the third person [[Grammatical number|singular]] [[present tense]].
:''It clos'''ed''''', where the suffix ''-ed'' marks the [[past tense]].

Many [[synthetic language]]s—[[Czech language|Czech]], [[German language|German]], [[Finnish language|Finnish]], [[Latin]], [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], etc.—use a large number of endings.

Suffixes used in English frequently have [[Greek language|Greek]], [[French language|French]] or [[Latin]] origins.

==Inflectional suffixes==

Inflection changes grammatical properties of a word within its [[syntactic category]].
In the example:
:The weather forecaster said it would clear today, but it hasn't clear'''ed''' at all.
the suffix ''-ed'' inflects the [[root (linguistics)|root]]-word ''clear'' to indicate past tense.

Some inflectional suffixes in present day English:
*'''-s''' third person singular present
*'''-ed''' past tense
*'''-ing''' [[progressive aspect|progressive]]/continuous
*'''-en''' [[past participle]]
*'''-s''' plural
*'''-en''' plural (irregular)
*'''-er''' [[comparative]]
*'''-est''' [[superlative]]
*'''-n't''' [[Grammatical mood#Negative|negative]]<sup>[]</sup>

==Derivational suffixes==

In the example:
:''"The weather forecaster said it would be clear today, but I can't see clearly at all"''
the suffix ''-ly'' modifies the root-word ''clear'' from an [[adjective]] into an [[adverb]].
Derivation can also form a semantically distinct word within the same syntactic category.
In this example:
:''"The weather forecaster said it would be a clear day today, but I think it's more like clearish!"''
the suffix ''-ish'' modifies the root-word ''clear'', changing its meaning to "clear, but not very clear".

Some derivational suffixes in present day English:
*'''[[-ian]]'''
*'''[[-ize]]/[[wiktionary:-ise|-ise]]'''
*'''[[-fy]]'''
*'''[[-ly]]'''
*'''[[-ful]]'''
*'''[[-able]]'''/'''[[wiktionary:-ible|-ible]]'''
*'''[[-hood]]'''
*'''[[-ness]]'''
*'''[[-less]]'''
*'''[[-ism]]'''
*'''[[-ment]]'''
*'''[[-ist]]'''
*'''[[-al]]'''
* [[-ish]]

==See also==
{{div col|3}}
* [[Affix]]
* [[Inflection]]
* [[Derivation (linguistics)]]
* [[Lexeme]]
* [[Marker (linguistics)]]
* [[Morpheme]]
* [[Pejorative suffix]]
* [[Prefix]]
* [[Prefix morpheme]]
* [[wikt:suffix|Suffix at Wiktionary]]
* [[Wiktionary:Category:English suffixes]]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==

== External links ==
* [http://www.prefixsuffix.com/ Comprehensive and searchable suffix reference] angelica12estrella

[[Category:Linguistic morphology]]
[[Category:Lexical units]]
[[Category:Suffixes| ]]
[[Category:English morphemes]]

Suffix - Revision history

KJV: Template:Donate

Nick: Protected "Suffix" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

Nick: New page: In linguistics, a '''suffix''' (also sometimes called a ''postfix'' or ''ending'') is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are...