Rundi language
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| - | http://www. | + | '''Rundi''' (commonly seen in its native form, '''''Kirundi''''') is a dialect of the Rwanda-Rundi language spoken by some 8.7 million people in [[Burundi]] and adjacent parts of [[Tanzania]] and [[Congo-Kinshasa]], as well as in [[Uganda]]. It is the [[official language]] of Burundi. (The ''[[Kinyarwanda]]'' dialect is the official language of neighboring [[Rwanda]].) |
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| + | The inhabitants of Rwanda and Burundi belong to several different [[ethnic group]]s: [[Hutu]] (84%), [[Tutsi]], including [[Hima]] (15%), and [[Twa]] (1%) (a [[pygmy]] people). The fact that these ethnic groups share the same language is assumed to be the result of the Hutu outnumbering the latter two groups (see [[Hutu]] for a more complete historical perspective). | ||
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| + | Neighboring dialects of Rundi are [[mutually intelligible]] with [[Ha language|Ha]], a language spoken in western [[Tanzania]]. | ||
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| + | Rundi is frequently cited as a language where [[Meeussen's rule]], a rule describing a certain pattern of tonal change in Bantu languages, is active. | ||
| + | {|class="wikitable" | ||
| + | !colspan="2"|Example translations | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ego || Yes | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Oya || No | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Uravuga icongereza? || Do you speak English? | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Bite? || What's Up? | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Mwaramutse || Hi/Good Morning | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ikirundi n'ikinyarwanda bisa nk'igi czek n'igi slovak|| Rundi and Rwanda are closely related like Czech and Slovak | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Amata || Milk | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ejo || Yesterday | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Eejo° || Tomorrow | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Nzoza ejo/Nzoz'ejo || I will come tomorrow | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ubu || Now | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Faransa/Ubufaransa || France | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ngereza/Ubwongereza || England | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Leta zunz'ubumwe z'amerika || United States of America | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ubudagi || Germany | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ububirigi || Belgium | ||
| + | |-Uburaya Europe | ||
| + | |colspan="2"|°N.B. ''eejo'' is pronounced the same as ''ejo'':<br>the other ''e'' is written for differentiation. | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == References == | ||
| + | * Meeussen, A.E. (1959) ''Essai de grammaire Rundi'' Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge, Série Sciences Humaines - Linguistique, vol. 24. Tervuren | ||
| + | |||
| + | == External links == | ||
| + | *[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=run Ethnologue on Rundi] | ||
| + | *[http://marston.freemethodistchurch.org/Dictionaries/Hi-Res/english-kirundi%20dictionary.pdf Free English-Kirundi Dictionary] | ||
| + | *[http://marston.freemethodistchurch.org/Dictionaries/Hi-Res/kirundi-english%20dictionary.pdf Free Kirundi-English Dictionary] | ||
| + | *[http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/RwandaRundi PanAfrican L10n page on Kirundi...] | ||
| + | *[http://cecilia.ls.fi.upm.es/~jmartinez/wiki/index.php/Learning_Kirundi Learning Kirundi] (in Spanish) | ||
| + | *[http://amajambo.ijuru.com Online Kirundi/English dictionary] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Languages of Burundi]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Languages of Tanzania]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Languages of Uganda]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Northeast Bantu languages]] | ||
Revision as of 02:48, 21 January 2011
Rundi (commonly seen in its native form, Kirundi) is a dialect of the Rwanda-Rundi language spoken by some 8.7 million people in Burundi and adjacent parts of Tanzania and Congo-Kinshasa, as well as in Uganda. It is the official language of Burundi. (The Kinyarwanda dialect is the official language of neighboring Rwanda.)
The inhabitants of Rwanda and Burundi belong to several different ethnic groups: Hutu (84%), Tutsi, including Hima (15%), and Twa (1%) (a pygmy people). The fact that these ethnic groups share the same language is assumed to be the result of the Hutu outnumbering the latter two groups (see Hutu for a more complete historical perspective).
Neighboring dialects of Rundi are mutually intelligible with Ha, a language spoken in western Tanzania.
Rundi is frequently cited as a language where Meeussen's rule, a rule describing a certain pattern of tonal change in Bantu languages, is active.
| Example translations | |
|---|---|
| Ego | Yes |
| Oya | No |
| Uravuga icongereza? | Do you speak English? |
| Bite? | What's Up? |
| Mwaramutse | Hi/Good Morning |
| Ikirundi n'ikinyarwanda bisa nk'igi czek n'igi slovak | Rundi and Rwanda are closely related like Czech and Slovak |
| Amata | Milk |
| Ejo | Yesterday |
| Eejo° | Tomorrow |
| Nzoza ejo/Nzoz'ejo | I will come tomorrow |
| Ubu | Now |
| Faransa/Ubufaransa | France |
| Ngereza/Ubwongereza | England |
| Leta zunz'ubumwe z'amerika | United States of America |
| Ubudagi | Germany |
| Ububirigi | Belgium |
| °N.B. eejo is pronounced the same as ejo: the other e is written for differentiation. | |
References
- Meeussen, A.E. (1959) Essai de grammaire Rundi Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge, Série Sciences Humaines - Linguistique, vol. 24. Tervuren
