Religious text
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- | http://www. | + | '''Religious texts''', also known as '''scripture''', '''scriptures''', '''holy writ''', or '''holy books''', are the texts which various religious traditions consider to be [[sacred]], or of central importance to their religious tradition. Many [[religion]]s and [[Spirituality|spiritual]] movements believe that their sacred texts are [[divinity|divinely]] or [[supernatural]]ly [[revelation|revealed or inspired]]. |
+ | |||
+ | == List of sacred texts of various religions == | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Asatru]] === | ||
+ | * [[Havamal]] | ||
+ | * [[Eddas]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Atenism]] === | ||
+ | * [[Great Hymn to the Aten]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Ayyavazhi]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Akilathirattu Ammanai]] | ||
+ | * The [[Arul Nool]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Bahá'í Faith]] === | ||
+ | ''See Also [[Bahá'í literature]]'' | ||
+ | '''Books by Bahá'u'lláh''' | ||
+ | * [[The Four Valleys]] (1857 version) | ||
+ | * [[The Seven Valleys]] (1860 version) | ||
+ | * [[Hidden Words|The Hidden Words of Bahá’u’lláh]] (in Arabic 1857) | ||
+ | * [[Hidden Words|The Hidden Words of Bahá’u’lláh]] (in Persian 1857) | ||
+ | * [[Gems of Divine Mysteries]] (ca 1859) | ||
+ | * [[Kitáb-i-Íqán|The Book of Certitude]] (partly in Persian and partly in Arabic 1861) | ||
+ | * [[Summons of the Lord of Hosts]] (ca 1868) | ||
+ | * [[Tabernacle of Unity]] (ca 1870) | ||
+ | * [[The Kitáb-i-Aqdas]] /The Most Holy Book (Completed 1873) | ||
+ | * [[Tablets of Bahá’u’lláh Revealed After the Kitáb-i-Aqdas]] (written until 1892) | ||
+ | * [[Epistle to the Son of the Wolf]] (ca 1890) | ||
+ | * [[Gleanings|Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh]] (compilation chosen by Shoghi Effendi of Bahá'u'lláh's writings, 1853 to 1892) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Bön]] === | ||
+ | * Bon [[Kangyur]] and [[Tengyur]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Buddhism]] === | ||
+ | ''See Also [[Buddhist texts]]'' | ||
+ | ; [[Theravada]] Buddhism | ||
+ | * The ''Tipitaka'' or [[Pāli Canon]] | ||
+ | ** [[Vinaya Pitaka]] | ||
+ | ** [[Sutta Pitaka]] | ||
+ | *** [[Digha Nikaya]], the "long" discourses. | ||
+ | *** [[Majjhima Nikaya]], the "middle-length" discourses. | ||
+ | *** [[Samyutta Nikaya]], the "connected" discourses. | ||
+ | *** [[Anguttara Nikaya]], the "numerical" discourses. | ||
+ | *** [[Khuddaka Nikaya]], the "minor collection". | ||
+ | ** [[Abhidhamma Pitaka]] | ||
+ | ; East Asian [[Mahayana]] | ||
+ | * The Chinese Buddhist [[Tripiṭaka]], including | ||
+ | ** [[Diamond Sutra]] and the [[Heart Sutra]] | ||
+ | ** [[Shurangama Sutra]] and its [[Shurangama Mantra]] | ||
+ | ** [[Pure Land Buddhism]] | ||
+ | *** [[Infinite Life Sutra]] | ||
+ | *** [[Amitabha Sutra]] | ||
+ | *** [[Contemplation Sutra]] | ||
+ | *** other Pure Land Sutras | ||
+ | ** [[Tiantai]], [[Tendai]], and [[Nichiren]] | ||
+ | *** [[Lotus Sutra]] | ||
+ | ** [[Shingon Buddhism|Shingon]] | ||
+ | *** [[Mahavairocana Tantra|Mahavairocana Sutra]] | ||
+ | *** [[Vajrasekhara Sutra]] | ||
+ | ; [[Tibetan Buddhism]] | ||
+ | * Tibetan [[Kangyur]] and [[Tengyur]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Cheondoism]] === | ||
+ | *The [[Donghak]] Scripture | ||
+ | *The Songs of Yongdam | ||
+ | *The Sermons of Master Haeweol | ||
+ | *The Sermons of Revered Teacher Euiam<sup>[]</sup> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Christianity]] === | ||
+ | ''See Also: [[Biblical canon]] [[Christian biblical canons]] [[Books of the Bible]]'' | ||
+ | ;[[Christendom|Traditional Christendom]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] (the [[Old Testament]] and [[New Testament]]) | ||
+ | |||
+ | :*For '''[[Protestantism]]''', this is the 66-book canon - the [[Jewish]] [[Tanakh]] of 24 books divided differently (into 39 books) and the universal 27-book [[New Testament]]. | ||
+ | :*For '''[[Catholicism]]''', this includes seven [[deuterocanonical books]] in the Old Testament for a total of 73 books, called the [[Canon of Trent]] (in versions of the Latin Vulgate, [[3 Esdras]] and [[4 Esdras]] are included in an appendix, but considered non-canonical). | ||
+ | :*For the '''[[Eastern Orthodox Church]]''', this includes the [[Biblical apocrypha#Anagignoskomena|''anagignoskomena'']], which consist of the Catholic deuterocanon, plus [[3 Maccabees]], [[Psalm 151]], the [[Prayer of Manasseh]], and 3 Esdras. [[4 Maccabees]] is considered to be canonical by the [[Georgian Orthodox Church]].<sup>[]</sup> | ||
+ | :*The '''[[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]]''' (and its offspring, the [[Eritrean Orthodox Church]]) adds various additional books depending on the specific enumeration of the canon (see [[Ethiopian Biblical canon]]), but always includes 4 Esdras, the [[Book of Jubilees]], [[1 Enoch]], [[4 Baruch]], and [[Meqabyan|1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan]] (no relation to the Books of Maccabees). | ||
+ | :*Some '''[[Syriac Christianity|Syriac churches]]''' accept the [[Letter of Baruch]] as scripture. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Christian Scientists]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] | ||
+ | * [[Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures]] by [[Mary Baker Eddy]]. This textbook, along with the Bible, serves as the permanent "impersonal pastor" of the church. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Gnosticism]] | ||
+ | * [[Nag Hammadi library]] and other [[Gnostic texts]] (not from the Bible) | ||
+ | * Some books of the [[Old Testament]] and [[Gnosticism and the New Testament|New Testament]] | ||
+ | :;[[Cerdonians|Cerdonianism]] and [[Marcionism]] | ||
+ | * Only the [[Gospel of Marcion]] and selected [[Pauline epistles]] accepted | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Jehovah's Witnesses]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] (The [[New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures]] is their preferred translation.) | ||
+ | * Watchtower Magazine | ||
+ | * Awake Magazing | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Latter Day Saint movement]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] | ||
+ | :* [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church) uses the [[LDS edition of the Bible|LDS edition]] of the [[King James Bible]] for English-speaking members; other versions are used in non-English speaking countries. | ||
+ | :* The [[Community of Christ]] (RLDS) uses the [[Joseph Smith Translation]], which it calls the ''Inspired Version'', as well as updated modern translations. | ||
+ | * The [[Book of Mormon]] | ||
+ | * The [[Pearl of Great Price (Latter Day Saints)|Pearl of Great Price]] | ||
+ | * The [[Doctrine and Covenants]] | ||
+ | :* There are significant differences in content and section numbering between the [[Doctrine and Covenants#Community of Christ editions|Doctrine and Covenants used by the Community of Christ]] (RLDS) and the LDS Church. | ||
+ | * Other, smaller branches of Latter Day Saints include other scriptures, such as the [[Book of the Law of the Lord]] used by the [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite)]] or [[The Word of the Lord]] used by [[Church of Christ (Fettingite)|Fettingite]] branches. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Native American Church]] (Christian-leaning factions) | ||
+ | :''See'' [[Religious texts#Native American Church|below.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Rastafari movement]] | ||
+ | :''See'' [[Religious text#Rastafari movement|below.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Seventh-day Adventist Church|Seventh-day Adventists]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] | ||
+ | * The [[List of Ellen White writings|writings of Ellen White]] are held to an elevated status, though not equal with the Bible, as she is considered to have been an [[Inspiration of Ellen White|inspired prophetess.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Swedenborgianism]] | ||
+ | :''See'' [[Religious texts#Swedenborgianism|below.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;[[Unification Church]] | ||
+ | :''See'' [[Religious text#Unification Church|below.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Confucianism]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Five Classics]] | ||
+ | * The [[Four Books]] | ||
+ | * The [[Thirteen Classics]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Discordianism]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Principia Discordia]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Druidism]] === | ||
+ | *[[The Mabinogion]] | ||
+ | *[[Lebor Gabála Érenn]] (The Book of Invasions) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Druze]] === | ||
+ | *[[Rasa'il al-hikmah]] (Epistles of Wisdom) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Ancient Egyptian religion]] === | ||
+ | ; Old Kingdom | ||
+ | * [[Pyramid Texts]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; First Intermediate Period & Middle Kingdom | ||
+ | * [[Coffin Texts]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; Second Intermediate Period | ||
+ | * [[The Book of the Dead]] | ||
+ | * [[Book of Caverns]] | ||
+ | * [[Book of Gates]] | ||
+ | * [[Amduat]] | ||
+ | * [[Book of the Heavenly Cow]] | ||
+ | * [[Litany of Re]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Etruscan mythology|Etruscan religion]] === | ||
+ | * [[Cippus Perusinus]] | ||
+ | * [[Liber Linteus]] | ||
+ | * [[Pyrgi Tablets]] | ||
+ | * [[Tabula Cortonensis]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Ancient Greece]] === | ||
+ | * [[Homeric Hymns]] | ||
+ | * [[Theogony]] | ||
+ | * [[Golden Verses of Pythagoras]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Hermeticism]] === | ||
+ | * [[Hermetica]], [[Kybalion]], [[Emerald Tablet]] and associated writings | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Hinduism]] === | ||
+ | ; [[Śruti]] | ||
+ | * [[Vedas]] | ||
+ | ** [[Rig Veda]] | ||
+ | ** [[Sama Veda]] | ||
+ | ** [[Yajur Veda]] | ||
+ | ** [[Atharva Veda]] | ||
+ | * [[Brahmanas]] | ||
+ | * [[Aranyakas]] | ||
+ | * [[Upanishad]]s | ||
+ | ; [[Smriti]] | ||
+ | * [[Hindu Epics|Itihāsas]] | ||
+ | ** [[Mahabharata|Mahābhārata]] (including the [[Bhagavad Gita]]) | ||
+ | *** [[Bhagavad Gita]] | ||
+ | ** [[Ramayana]] | ||
+ | * [[Puranas]] ([[Puranas#List of Puranas|List]]) | ||
+ | ** [[Bhagavata Purana]] | ||
+ | * [[Tantras]] | ||
+ | * [[Sutra]]s ([[List of sutras|List]]) | ||
+ | * [[Stotras]] | ||
+ | * [[Ashtavakra Gita]] | ||
+ | * [[Gherand Samhita]] | ||
+ | * [[Gita Govinda]] | ||
+ | * [[Hatha Yoga Pradipika]] | ||
+ | * [[Yoga Vasistha]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Mimamsa|Purva Mimamsa]] | ||
+ | * [[Purva Mimamsa Sutras]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Vedanta]] (Uttar Mimamsa) | ||
+ | * [[Brahma Sutras]] of [[Vyasa]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Yoga]] | ||
+ | * [[Yoga Sutras of Patanjali]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Samkhya]] | ||
+ | * Samkhya Sutras of Kapila | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Nyaya]] | ||
+ | * [[Nyāya Sūtras]] of Gautama | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Vaisheshika]] | ||
+ | * Vaisheshika Sutras of Kanada | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Vaishnavism]] | ||
+ | * Vaikhanasa Samhitas | ||
+ | * Pancaratra Samhitas | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Shaktism|Saktism]] | ||
+ | * Sakta [[Tantras]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Kaśmir Śaivism|Kashmir Saivism]] | ||
+ | * 64 Bhairavagamas | ||
+ | * 28 Shaiva [[Āgama (Hinduism)|Agamas]] | ||
+ | * [[Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta]] | ||
+ | * [[Vijnana Bhairava]] Tantra | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Pashupata Shaivism]] | ||
+ | * Pashupata [[Sūtra|Sutras]] of [[Lakulish]] | ||
+ | * Panchartha-bhashya of [[Kaundinya]] (a commentary on the Pashupata Sutras) | ||
+ | * Ganakarika | ||
+ | * Ratnatika of Bhasarvajna | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Shaiva Siddhanta]] | ||
+ | * 28 Saiva [[Āgama (Hinduism)|Agamas]] | ||
+ | * [[Tirumurai]] (canon of 12 works) | ||
+ | * Meykandar Shastras (canon of 14 works) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism]] | ||
+ | * [[Brahma Samhita]] | ||
+ | * [[Jayadeva]]'s [[Gita Govinda]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; Krishna-karnamrita | ||
+ | * [[Chaitanya Bhagavata]] | ||
+ | * [[Chaitanya Charitamrita]] | ||
+ | * Prema-bhakti-candrika | ||
+ | * Hari-bhakti-vilasa | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Lingayatism]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Siddhanta Shikhamani]] | ||
+ | * [[Vachana sahitya]] | ||
+ | * [[Mantra Gopya]] | ||
+ | * [[Shunyasampadane|Shoonya Sampadane]] | ||
+ | * 28 [[Āgama (Hinduism)|Agamas]] | ||
+ | * [[Karana Hasuge]] | ||
+ | * [[Basava]] Purana | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Kabirpanthi|Kabir Panth]] | ||
+ | * poems of [[Kabir]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; In [[Dadu Dayal|Dadu Panth]] | ||
+ | * poems of [[Dadu Dayal|Dadu]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Islam]] === | ||
+ | * [[Quran]] (also referred to as {{Not a typo|Kuran, Koran, Qur’ān, Coran or al-Qur’ān}}) | ||
+ | * [[Hadith]]/[[Sunnah]] (Sunnah, which consists of what [[Muhammad]] did, believed, implied, or tacitly approved, was noted down by his companions in Hadith.) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Jainism]] === | ||
+ | ; [[Svetambara]] | ||
+ | * 11 Angas | ||
+ | ** Secondary | ||
+ | *** 12 Upangas, 4 Mula-sutras, 6 Cheda-sutras, 2 Culika-sutras, 10 Prakirnakas | ||
+ | ; [[Digambar]]a | ||
+ | * Karmaprabhrita, also called [[Satkhandagama]] | ||
+ | * Kashayaprabhrita | ||
+ | ; Nonsectarian/Nonspecific | ||
+ | * Jina Vijaya | ||
+ | * [[Tattvartha Sutra]] | ||
+ | * GandhaHasti Mahabhashya (authoritative and oldest commentary on the Tattvartha Sutra) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Judaism]] === | ||
+ | ; [[Rabbinical Judaism]] | ||
+ | : ''See also:'' [[Rabbinic literature]] | ||
+ | * The [[Tanakh]] i.e. [[Hebrew Bible]] | ||
+ | ** [[Torah]] (teachings) | ||
+ | ** [[Nevi'im]] (prophets) | ||
+ | ** [[Ketuvim]] (writings) | ||
+ | * The [[Talmud]] | ||
+ | ** [[Mishnah]] | ||
+ | ** [[Gemara]] | ||
+ | :; — [[Kabbalah]] | ||
+ | :* [[Zohar]] | ||
+ | ; [[Karaite Judaism]] | ||
+ | * The [[Tanakh]], i.e. the Hebrew Bible | ||
+ | |||
+ | ; [[Beta Israel]] | ||
+ | * The [[Tanakh]] with several [[jewish apocrypha]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[LaVeyan Satanism]] === | ||
+ | * [[The Satanic Bible]] (primary text) | ||
+ | * [[The Satanic Rituals]] (contains additional rituals) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Mandaeanism]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Ginza Rba]] | ||
+ | * Book of the Zodiac | ||
+ | * [[Qolusta]], Canonical Prayerbook | ||
+ | * Book of John the Baptizer | ||
+ | * Diwan [[Abatur]], Purgatories | ||
+ | * 1012 Questions | ||
+ | * Coronation of Shislam Rba | ||
+ | * Baptism of Hibil Ziwa | ||
+ | * Haran Gawaita | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Manichaeism]] === | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Gospel of Mani|The Evangelion]] (Greek, Coptic: Ευαγγελιον, meaning roughly "good news"). Also known as the ''Gospel of Mani'' and ''The Living Gospel'' | ||
+ | * the Treasure of Life | ||
+ | * the ''Pragmateia'' (Coptic: πραγματεία) | ||
+ | * the Book of Mysteries | ||
+ | * the [[Book of Giants]] | ||
+ | * the [[Fundamental Epistle|Epistles]] | ||
+ | * the Psalms and Prayers. A [[Coptic language|Coptic]] Manichaean Psalter, discovered in Egypt in the early 1900s, was edited and published by [[Charles Allberry]] from Manichaean manuscripts in the [[Chester Beatty Papyri|Chester Beatty collection]] and in the Berlin Academy, 1938-9. | ||
+ | * The [[Shabuhragan]] | ||
+ | * The [[Arzhang]] | ||
+ | * The Kephalaia (Κεφαλαια), "Discourses", found in Coptic translation. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Meher Baba]] === | ||
+ | * [[God Speaks]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Native American Church]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] (among Christian-leaning factions only) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[New Age|New Age religions]] === | ||
+ | Various New Age religions may regard any of the following texts as inspired: | ||
+ | * [[A Course in Miracles]] | ||
+ | * [[Conversations with God]] | ||
+ | * [[Oahspe]] | ||
+ | * [[The Urantia Book]] | ||
+ | * [[Isis Unveiled]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Orphism (religion)|Orphism]] === | ||
+ | * [[Orpheus#Orphic poems and rites|Orphic Poems]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Pastafarianism]] === | ||
+ | * The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Rastafari movement]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] ([[Ethiopian Biblical canon|Ethiopian Orthodox canon]]) | ||
+ | * the [[Holy Piby]] | ||
+ | * the [[Kebra Negast]] | ||
+ | * The speeches and writings of [[Haile Selassie I]] (including his autobiography ''My Life and Ethiopia's Progress'') | ||
+ | * [[Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Ravidassia]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Amritbani Guru Ravidass Ji]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Samaritan#Samaritanism|Samaritanism]] === | ||
+ | : ''See also:'' [[Samaritans#Religious texts|Samaritan religious texts]] | ||
+ | * The [[Samaritan Torah]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Scientology]] === | ||
+ | * [[Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health]] | ||
+ | * [[Scientology bibliography|List of Scientology texts]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Shinto]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Kojiki]] | ||
+ | * The [[Rikkokushi]], which includes the [[Nihon Shoki]] and the [[Shoku Nihongi]] | ||
+ | * The [[Fudoki]] | ||
+ | * The [[Jinnō Shōtōki]] | ||
+ | * The [[Kujiki]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Sikhism]] === | ||
+ | : ''Main article:'' [[Sikh scriptures]] | ||
+ | * The [[Guru Granth Sahib]] | ||
+ | * The [[Dasven Padshah Da Granth]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Spiritism]] === | ||
+ | * [[The Spirits Book]] | ||
+ | * [[The Book on Mediums]] | ||
+ | * [[The Gospel According to Spiritism]] | ||
+ | * [[Heaven and Hell (Allan Kardec)|Heaven and Hell]] | ||
+ | * [[The Genesis According to Spiritism]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Sumerian mythology|Sumerian]] === | ||
+ | * [[The Barton Cylinder]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Swedenborgianism]] === | ||
+ | ;The [[New Church]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] (several books omitted) | ||
+ | * The works of [[Emanuel Swedenborg]] (not considered equal to the Bible) | ||
+ | ;The [[General Church of New Jerusalem|General Church]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] (several books omitted) | ||
+ | * The works of [[Emanuel Swedenborg]] (considered equal to the Bible) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Taoism]] === | ||
+ | * [[Tao Te Ching]] | ||
+ | * [[Zhuangzi (book)]] | ||
+ | * [[Daozang]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Tenrikyo]] === | ||
+ | * The [[Ofudesaki (Tenrikyo)|Ofudesaki]] | ||
+ | * The [[Mikagura-uta]] | ||
+ | * The [[Osashizu]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Thelema]] === | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Holy Books of Thelema]] especially [[The Book of the Law]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Unification Church]] === | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Divine Principle]] | ||
+ | * The [[Bible]] as illuminated by more recent revelation | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Urantianism]] === | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Urantia Book]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Wicca]] === | ||
+ | * [[Book of Shadows]] | ||
+ | * [[Charge of the Goddess]] | ||
+ | * [[Threefold Law]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===[[Yârsân]]=== | ||
+ | * [[Kalâm-e Saranjâm]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Yazidi]] === | ||
+ | * [[Yazidi Black Book]] | ||
+ | * [[Yazidi Book of Revelation]] | ||
+ | * The true core texts of the Yazidi religion that exist today are the hymns, known as ''qawls.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Yoruba religion|Yorùbá]] === | ||
+ | * [[Ifá#Od.C3.B9 If.C3.A1|Odù Ifá]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === [[Zoroastrianism]] === | ||
+ | * Primary religious texts, that is, the [[Avesta]] collection: | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Yasna]]'', the primary liturgical collection, includes the ''[[Gathas]]''. | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Visperad]]'', a collection of supplements to the ''Yasna''. | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Yasht]]s'', hymns in honor of the divinities. | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Vendidad]]'', describes the various forms of evil spirits and ways to confound them. | ||
+ | ** shorter texts and prayers, the [[Yashts]] the five ''[[Nyaishes]]'' ("worship, praise"), the ''[[Sirozeh]]'' and the ''[[Afringans]]'' (blessings). | ||
+ | * There are some 60 secondary religious texts, none of which are considered scripture. The most important of these are: | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Denkard]]'' (middle Persian, 'Acts of Religion'), | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Bundahishn]]'', (middle Persian, 'Primordial Creation') | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Menog-i Khrad]]'', (middle Persian, 'Spirit of Wisdom') | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Book of Arda Viraf|Arda Viraf Namak]]'' (middle Persian, 'The Book of Arda Viraf') | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Sad-dar]]'' (modern Persian, 'Hundred Doors', or 'Hundred Chapters') | ||
+ | ** The ''Rivayats'', 15th-18th century correspondence on religious issues | ||
+ | * For general use by the laity: | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Zend]]'' (lit. commentaries), various commentaries on and translations of the Avesta. | ||
+ | ** The ''[[Khordeh Avesta]]'', a collection of everyday prayers from the Avesta. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==See also== | ||
+ | |||
+ | == References == | ||
+ | |||
+ | == External links == | ||
+ | * [http://www.ancienttexts.org/index.html Ancient texts library] | ||
+ | * [http://www.sacred-texts.com/index.htm Internet Sacred Text Archive] | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{DEFAULTSORT:Religious Text}} | ||
+ | [[Category:Religious texts| ]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Religion-related lists]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Religious bibliographies]] |
Revision as of 08:16, 26 December 2012
Religious texts, also known as scripture, scriptures, holy writ, or holy books, are the texts which various religious traditions consider to be sacred, or of central importance to their religious tradition. Many religions and spiritual movements believe that their sacred texts are divinely or supernaturally revealed or inspired.
List of sacred texts of various religions
Asatru
Atenism
Ayyavazhi
- The Akilathirattu Ammanai
- The Arul Nool
Bahá'í Faith
See Also Bahá'í literature Books by Bahá'u'lláh
- The Four Valleys (1857 version)
- The Seven Valleys (1860 version)
- The Hidden Words of Bahá’u’lláh (in Arabic 1857)
- The Hidden Words of Bahá’u’lláh (in Persian 1857)
- Gems of Divine Mysteries (ca 1859)
- The Book of Certitude (partly in Persian and partly in Arabic 1861)
- Summons of the Lord of Hosts (ca 1868)
- Tabernacle of Unity (ca 1870)
- The Kitáb-i-Aqdas /The Most Holy Book (Completed 1873)
- Tablets of Bahá’u’lláh Revealed After the Kitáb-i-Aqdas (written until 1892)
- Epistle to the Son of the Wolf (ca 1890)
- Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh (compilation chosen by Shoghi Effendi of Bahá'u'lláh's writings, 1853 to 1892)
Bön
Buddhism
See Also Buddhist texts
- Theravada Buddhism
- The Tipitaka or Pāli Canon
- Vinaya Pitaka
- Sutta Pitaka
- Digha Nikaya, the "long" discourses.
- Majjhima Nikaya, the "middle-length" discourses.
- Samyutta Nikaya, the "connected" discourses.
- Anguttara Nikaya, the "numerical" discourses.
- Khuddaka Nikaya, the "minor collection".
- Abhidhamma Pitaka
- East Asian Mahayana
- The Chinese Buddhist Tripiṭaka, including
- Diamond Sutra and the Heart Sutra
- Shurangama Sutra and its Shurangama Mantra
- Pure Land Buddhism
- Infinite Life Sutra
- Amitabha Sutra
- Contemplation Sutra
- other Pure Land Sutras
- Tiantai, Tendai, and Nichiren
- Shingon
Cheondoism
- The Donghak Scripture
- The Songs of Yongdam
- The Sermons of Master Haeweol
- The Sermons of Revered Teacher Euiam[]
Christianity
See Also: Biblical canon Christian biblical canons Books of the Bible
- The Bible (the Old Testament and New Testament)
- For Protestantism, this is the 66-book canon - the Jewish Tanakh of 24 books divided differently (into 39 books) and the universal 27-book New Testament.
- For Catholicism, this includes seven deuterocanonical books in the Old Testament for a total of 73 books, called the Canon of Trent (in versions of the Latin Vulgate, 3 Esdras and 4 Esdras are included in an appendix, but considered non-canonical).
- For the Eastern Orthodox Church, this includes the anagignoskomena, which consist of the Catholic deuterocanon, plus 3 Maccabees, Psalm 151, the Prayer of Manasseh, and 3 Esdras. 4 Maccabees is considered to be canonical by the Georgian Orthodox Church.[]
- The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (and its offspring, the Eritrean Orthodox Church) adds various additional books depending on the specific enumeration of the canon (see Ethiopian Biblical canon), but always includes 4 Esdras, the Book of Jubilees, 1 Enoch, 4 Baruch, and 1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan (no relation to the Books of Maccabees).
- Some Syriac churches accept the Letter of Baruch as scripture.
- The Bible
- Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy. This textbook, along with the Bible, serves as the permanent "impersonal pastor" of the church.
- Nag Hammadi library and other Gnostic texts (not from the Bible)
- Some books of the Old Testament and New Testament
- Only the Gospel of Marcion and selected Pauline epistles accepted
- The Bible (The New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures is their preferred translation.)
- Watchtower Magazine
- Awake Magazing
- The Bible
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) uses the LDS edition of the King James Bible for English-speaking members; other versions are used in non-English speaking countries.
- The Community of Christ (RLDS) uses the Joseph Smith Translation, which it calls the Inspired Version, as well as updated modern translations.
- The Book of Mormon
- The Pearl of Great Price
- The Doctrine and Covenants
- There are significant differences in content and section numbering between the Doctrine and Covenants used by the Community of Christ (RLDS) and the LDS Church.
- Other, smaller branches of Latter Day Saints include other scriptures, such as the Book of the Law of the Lord used by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) or The Word of the Lord used by Fettingite branches.
- Native American Church (Christian-leaning factions)
- See below.
- The Bible
- The writings of Ellen White are held to an elevated status, though not equal with the Bible, as she is considered to have been an inspired prophetess.
Confucianism
- The Five Classics
- The Four Books
- The Thirteen Classics
Discordianism
Druidism
- The Mabinogion
- Lebor Gabála Érenn (The Book of Invasions)
Druze
- Rasa'il al-hikmah (Epistles of Wisdom)
Ancient Egyptian religion
- Old Kingdom
- First Intermediate Period & Middle Kingdom
- Second Intermediate Period
Etruscan religion
Ancient Greece
Hermeticism
- Hermetica, Kybalion, Emerald Tablet and associated writings
Hinduism
- Itihāsas
- Mahābhārata (including the Bhagavad Gita)
- Ramayana
- Puranas (List)
- Tantras
- Sutras (List)
- Stotras
- Ashtavakra Gita
- Gherand Samhita
- Gita Govinda
- Hatha Yoga Pradipika
- Yoga Vasistha
- In Vedanta (Uttar Mimamsa)
- In Yoga
- In Samkhya
- Samkhya Sutras of Kapila
- In Nyaya
- Nyāya Sūtras of Gautama
- In Vaisheshika
- Vaisheshika Sutras of Kanada
- In Vaishnavism
- Vaikhanasa Samhitas
- Pancaratra Samhitas
- In Saktism
- Sakta Tantras
- 64 Bhairavagamas
- 28 Shaiva Agamas
- Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta
- Vijnana Bhairava Tantra
- Pashupata Sutras of Lakulish
- Panchartha-bhashya of Kaundinya (a commentary on the Pashupata Sutras)
- Ganakarika
- Ratnatika of Bhasarvajna
- Krishna-karnamrita
- Chaitanya Bhagavata
- Chaitanya Charitamrita
- Prema-bhakti-candrika
- Hari-bhakti-vilasa
- In Lingayatism
- Siddhanta Shikhamani
- Vachana sahitya
- Mantra Gopya
- Shoonya Sampadane
- 28 Agamas
- Karana Hasuge
- Basava Purana
- In Kabir Panth
- poems of Kabir
- In Dadu Panth
- poems of Dadu
Islam
- Quran (also referred to as Template:Not a typo)
- Hadith/Sunnah (Sunnah, which consists of what Muhammad did, believed, implied, or tacitly approved, was noted down by his companions in Hadith.)
Jainism
- 11 Angas
- Secondary
- 12 Upangas, 4 Mula-sutras, 6 Cheda-sutras, 2 Culika-sutras, 10 Prakirnakas
- Secondary
- Karmaprabhrita, also called Satkhandagama
- Kashayaprabhrita
- Nonsectarian/Nonspecific
- Jina Vijaya
- Tattvartha Sutra
- GandhaHasti Mahabhashya (authoritative and oldest commentary on the Tattvartha Sutra)
Judaism
- Rabbinical Judaism
- See also: Rabbinic literature
- The Tanakh i.e. Hebrew Bible
- The Talmud
- The Tanakh, i.e. the Hebrew Bible
- The Tanakh with several jewish apocrypha
LaVeyan Satanism
- The Satanic Bible (primary text)
- The Satanic Rituals (contains additional rituals)
Mandaeanism
- The Ginza Rba
- Book of the Zodiac
- Qolusta, Canonical Prayerbook
- Book of John the Baptizer
- Diwan Abatur, Purgatories
- 1012 Questions
- Coronation of Shislam Rba
- Baptism of Hibil Ziwa
- Haran Gawaita
Manichaeism
- The Evangelion (Greek, Coptic: Ευαγγελιον, meaning roughly "good news"). Also known as the Gospel of Mani and The Living Gospel
- the Treasure of Life
- the Pragmateia (Coptic: πραγματεία)
- the Book of Mysteries
- the Book of Giants
- the Epistles
- the Psalms and Prayers. A Coptic Manichaean Psalter, discovered in Egypt in the early 1900s, was edited and published by Charles Allberry from Manichaean manuscripts in the Chester Beatty collection and in the Berlin Academy, 1938-9.
- The Shabuhragan
- The Arzhang
- The Kephalaia (Κεφαλαια), "Discourses", found in Coptic translation.
Meher Baba
Native American Church
- The Bible (among Christian-leaning factions only)
New Age religions
Various New Age religions may regard any of the following texts as inspired:
Orphism
Pastafarianism
- The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster
Rastafari movement
- The Bible (Ethiopian Orthodox canon)
- the Holy Piby
- the Kebra Negast
- The speeches and writings of Haile Selassie I (including his autobiography My Life and Ethiopia's Progress)
- Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy
Ravidassia
Samaritanism
- See also: Samaritan religious texts
- The Samaritan Torah
Scientology
Shinto
- The Kojiki
- The Rikkokushi, which includes the Nihon Shoki and the Shoku Nihongi
- The Fudoki
- The Jinnō Shōtōki
- The Kujiki
Sikhism
- Main article: Sikh scriptures
Spiritism
- The Spirits Book
- The Book on Mediums
- The Gospel According to Spiritism
- Heaven and Hell
- The Genesis According to Spiritism
Sumerian
Swedenborgianism
- The New Church
- The Bible (several books omitted)
- The works of Emanuel Swedenborg (not considered equal to the Bible)
- The General Church
- The Bible (several books omitted)
- The works of Emanuel Swedenborg (considered equal to the Bible)
Taoism
Tenrikyo
- The Ofudesaki
- The Mikagura-uta
- The Osashizu
Thelema
- Holy Books of Thelema especially The Book of the Law
Unification Church
- Divine Principle
- The Bible as illuminated by more recent revelation
Urantianism
Wicca
Yârsân
Yazidi
- Yazidi Black Book
- Yazidi Book of Revelation
- The true core texts of the Yazidi religion that exist today are the hymns, known as qawls.
Yorùbá
Zoroastrianism
- Primary religious texts, that is, the Avesta collection:
- The Yasna, the primary liturgical collection, includes the Gathas.
- The Visperad, a collection of supplements to the Yasna.
- The Yashts, hymns in honor of the divinities.
- The Vendidad, describes the various forms of evil spirits and ways to confound them.
- shorter texts and prayers, the Yashts the five Nyaishes ("worship, praise"), the Sirozeh and the Afringans (blessings).
- There are some 60 secondary religious texts, none of which are considered scripture. The most important of these are:
- The Denkard (middle Persian, 'Acts of Religion'),
- The Bundahishn, (middle Persian, 'Primordial Creation')
- The Menog-i Khrad, (middle Persian, 'Spirit of Wisdom')
- The Arda Viraf Namak (middle Persian, 'The Book of Arda Viraf')
- The Sad-dar (modern Persian, 'Hundred Doors', or 'Hundred Chapters')
- The Rivayats, 15th-18th century correspondence on religious issues
- For general use by the laity:
- The Zend (lit. commentaries), various commentaries on and translations of the Avesta.
- The Khordeh Avesta, a collection of everyday prayers from the Avesta.