Matthew 1:18
From Textus Receptus
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* [[1589 AD|1589]] (Beza 3rd) | * [[1589 AD|1589]] (Beza 3rd) | ||
* [[1590 AD|1590]] (Beza Octavo 4th) | * [[1590 AD|1590]] (Beza Octavo 4th) | ||
- | * [[1598 AD|1598]] (Beza 4th) | + | * [[1598 AD|1598]] [[3588|Τοῦ]] [[1161|δὲ]] [[2424|Ἰησοῦ]] [[5547|Χριστοῦ]] [[3588|ἡ]] [[1083|γέννησις]] [[3779|οὕτως]] [[2258|ἠν]]. [[3423|μνηστευθείσης]] [[1063|γὰρ]] [[3588|τῆς]] [[3384|μητρὸς]] [[846|αὐτοῦ]] [[3137|Μαρίας]] [[3588|τῷ]] [[2501|Ἰωσήφ]], [[4250|πρὶν]] [[2228|ἢ]] [[4905|συνελθεῖν]] [[846|αὐτούς]], [[2147|εὑρέθη]] [[1722|ἐν]] [[1064|γαστρὶ]] [[2192|ἔχουσα]] [[1537|ἐκ]] [[4151|Πνεύματος]] [[40|ἁγίου]]. (Beza 4th) |
''See Also [[Matthew 1:18 Beza 1598]] ([[Theodore Beza|Beza]])'' | ''See Also [[Matthew 1:18 Beza 1598]] ([[Theodore Beza|Beza]])'' | ||
* [[1604 AD|1604]] (Beza Octavo 5th) | * [[1604 AD|1604]] (Beza Octavo 5th) |
Revision as of 01:21, 26 December 2016
- ΚΑΤΑ ΜΑΤΘΑΙΟΝ 1:18 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γέννησις οὕτως ἠν. μνηστευθείσης γὰρ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτούς, εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ Πνεύματος ἁγίου.
(Textus Receptus, Novum Testamentum, Theodore Beza, 5th major edition. Geneva. 1598)
- Matthew 1:18 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost.
(King James Version, Pure Cambridge Edition 1900)
- Matthew 1:18 Now the birth of Jesus Christ happened this way: After His mother Mary was betrothed to Joseph before they came together, she was found with child from the Holy Spirit.
(King James Version 2016 Edition, 2016) - buy the revised and updated printed 2023 Edition New Testament here
Contents |
Interlinear
Commentary
γέννησις or γένησις
There is a minor variant which does not affect English translations, but causes issues in Greek. γέννησις (gennesis) from Beza means “birth” in the KJV, and genesis from the Westcott and Hort type texts also means “birth” in modern versions. Beza's gennesis is to be preferred as the better reading agreeing with the Majority Byzantine, Lectionaries 2378 & 1968; Jerome’s Latin Vulgate, and various ancient church writers e.g., Irenaeus, Origen, and Chrysostom, whicle the critical text’s reading (with support from the Alexandrian Text and e.g., Armenian Version), has the danger that genesis (nominative singular feminine, from genesis-eos, can also mean “creation,” so that an Arian heretic could misuse the critical text’s altered reading in a way he could not misuse the Beza's reading of gennesis (nominative singular feminine, from gennesis-eos, e). An Arian (Such as a Jehovah's Witness) could claim Christ’s “genesis” or origins or existence (James 3:6) date from his conception in Mary’s womb. The context of Matthew 1:18 has led those using the critical text’s genesis here to translate it as “birth” (ASV), as an ASV footnote correctly says at “birth,” “Or, ‘generation,’” though then qualifies this as being synonymous with the “generation” of Matthew 1:1. Nevertheless, the danger still exists, that a future version could say that it shows that Christ’s ‘genesis’ or origins were at his conception in Mary.” The critical text open the door to anti Trinitarianism.
In in Matthew 1:16 the concept of a birth (εγεννήθη), coupled with also the angel’s reference to Jesus’ conception (γεννήθη) in 1:18, and the birth (γεννηθέντος) of Jesus in 2:1, is internal evidence for γέννησις. In the Nestle-Aland27/UBS4 apparatus, it states that Irenaeus (writing in southern France, 180) and Origen (writing in Caesarea, from about 230-250) support Beza's γεννησις.
It must be noted that while having similar roots, Matthew 1:1 is 'genesis' translated as generation (also translated as nature) never as birth, nor as genealogy, which is a separate and distinct word used in the Pastorals.
- Ιησου (Jesus) — W
- Χριστου (Christ) — 71 Latt syrs,c Diatessaronsyr Theophilus Irenaeuslat Chromatius Jeromept Augustine
- Χριστου Ιησου (Christ Jesus) — B Origenpt Jeromept
- Ιησου Χριστου (Jesus Christ) — rell
Erasmus
Erasmus’ Greek has Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, but his Vulgate only has ‘Christi’. Erasmus wrote concerning this:
- “But I suspect that ‘Jesus’ was added either by a scribe or out of the practice of ecclesiastical recitation”
(“Suspicor autem additum ‘Iesu’ vel a scriba vel ex consuetudine recitationis ecclesiasticae”; in the annotation ‘Christi autem generatio’—ASD VI–5, p. 74 ll. 226–227; 1522).
Chi Rho monogram
In Insular Gospel Books (that is those books produced in the monasteries of Ireland, England and Scotland or on the continent in monasteries founded by Irish missionaries) this verse has an importance not seen in other medieval Gospel Books. In the Vulgate (which was used in these books), the verse reads:
- Christi autem generatio sic erat cum esset desponsata mater eius Maria Ioseph antequam convenirent inventa est in utero habens de Spiritu Sancto
In medieval writing the word Christ was often abbreviated using the Greek letters Chi (X) and Rho (P). The word Christi (of Christ) was then written XPi. The verses Matthew 1:1 through Matthew 1:17 give the genealogy of Joseph, with the actual narrative of Christ's birth starting at Matthew 1:18. Insular scribes treated Matthew 1:1-17 as an almost separate work from the rest of Matthew. Insular scribes also started a tradition of giving the opening few words of each of the Gospels an elaborate decorative treatment. Accordingly, the Insular scribes gave the opening Chi Rho monogram an increasingly elaborate decoration. This trend culminated in the Book of Kells (pictured), where the monogram has taken over the entire page. Although later scribes (such as those of the Carolingian Renaissance) followed the Insular tradition of giving elaborate decorative treatments to the opening words of texts, including the Gospels, they did not follow the tradition of decoration this verse. The presence of a decorated Chi Rho monogram within a manuscript can then be seen as indicative of Insular influence.
Greek
Textus Receptus
See Also Matthew 1:18 Complutensian Polyglot 1514
Desiderius Erasmus
- 1516 (Erasmus 1st Novum Instrumentum omne)
- 1519 (Erasmus 2nd)
- 1522 (Erasmus 3rd Novum Testamentum omne)
- 1527 (Erasmus 4th)
- 1535 (Erasmus 5th)
Colinæus
- 1534 (Colinæus)
Stephanus (Robert Estienne)
- 1546 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 1st)
- 1549 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 2nd)
- 1550 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γέννησις οὕτως ἠν· μνηστευθείσης γὰρ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτούς, εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 3rd - Editio Regia)
- 1551 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γέννησις οὕτως ἠν· μνηστευθείσης γὰρ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτούς, εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 4th)
Theodore Beza
- 1565 (Beza 1st)
- 1565 (Beza Octavo 1st)
- 1567 (Beza Octavo 2nd)
- 1580 (Beza Octavo 3rd)
- 1582 (Beza 2nd)
- 1589 (Beza 3rd)
- 1590 (Beza Octavo 4th)
- 1598 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γέννησις οὕτως ἠν. μνηστευθείσης γὰρ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτούς, εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ Πνεύματος ἁγίου. (Beza 4th)
See Also Matthew 1:18 Beza 1598 (Beza)
- 1604 (Beza Octavo 5th)
Elzevir
Scholz
Scrivener
- 1894 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γέννησις οὕτως ἦν. μνηστευθείσης γὰρ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτοὺς, εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ Πνεύματος Ἀγίου. (F. H. A. Scrivener , The New Testament in the Original Greek according to the Text followed in the Authorised Version - Cambridge University Press).
Other Greek
- 1857 (Tregelles' Greek New Testament)
- Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γένεσις οὕτως ἦν. μνηστευθείσης τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου. (Tischendorf 8th Ed.)
- 1881 ΤΟΥ ΔΕ ΙΗΣΟΥ ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ ἡ γένεσις οὕτως ἦν. Μνηστευθείσης τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου. (Westcott & Hort)
- 1904 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γένεσις οὕτως ἦν· μνηστευθείσης τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ Πνεύματος ἁγίου. (Greek orthodox Church)
- 1904 Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἡ γένεσις οὕτως ἦν. μνηστευθείσης τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου. (Nestle)
Anglo Saxon Translations
- 1000 (Anglo-Saxon Gospels Manuscript 140, Corpus Christi College by Aelfric)
- 1200 (Anglo-Saxon Gospels Hatton Manuscript 38, Bodleian Library by unknown author)
English Translations
- 1395 But the generacioun of Crist was thus. Whanne Marie, the modir of Jhesu, was spousid to Joseph, bifore thei camen togidere, she was foundun hauynge of the Hooli Goost in the wombe. (Wyclif's Bible by John Wycliffe)
- 1534 The byrthe of Iesus Christ was on thys wyse. When hys mother Mary was betrouthed to Ioseph before they came to dwell to gedder she was foude with chylde by ye holy goost. (Tyndale Bible by William Tyndale)
- 1535 The byrth of Christ was on thys wyse: When his mother Mary was maried to Ioseph before they came together, she was foude with chylde by ye holy goost, (Coverdale Bible)
- 1539 (Great Bible First Edition - Miles Coverdale)
- 1540 The byrth of Iesus Chryst was on this wyse. When his mother Mary was maryed to Ioseph (before they came to dwell togeather) she was founde with chylde by the holy ghoost. (Great Bible Second Edition - Miles Coverdale)
- 1549 The byrth of Iesus Christe was ou thys wise. When hys mother Mary was betrouthed to Ioseph, before they came to dwell together, she was founde with chylde by the holye Ghost. (Matthew's Bible - John Rogers)
- 1560 (Geneva Bible) First Edition
- 1568 The birth of Iesus Christe was on this wise. When as his mother Marie was betrouthed to Ioseph (before they came together) she was founde with chylde of the holy ghost. (Bishop's Bible First Edition
- 1587 Nowe the birth of Iesvs Christ was thus, When as his mother Mary was betrothed to Ioseph, before they came together, shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost. (Geneva Bible) by William Whittingham
- 1611 Now the birth of Iesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Ioseph (before they came together) shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost. (King James Version)
- 1729 Now the manner of Christ's birth was this: his mother Mary being promised in marriage to Joseph, before they came together, she became pregnant by the holy Spirit. (Mace New Testament)
- 1745 Now the generation of Christ was on this wise, When as Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with Child of the Holy Ghost. (Mr. Whiston's Primitive New Testament)
- 1769 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. (King James Version - Benjamin Blayney)
- 1770 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was in wise: when Mary his mother was promised in marriage to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child by the Holy Ghost: (Worsley Version by John Worsley)
- 1790 Now the birth of Christ was on this wise: His mother Mary, being espoused to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child by the Holy Ghost. (Wesley Version by John Wesley)
- 1795 Now the generation of Jesus Christ was attended with these circumstances: His mother Mary being betrothed to Joseph, before they cohabited together, she was found with child from the Holy Spirit. (A Translation of the New Testament from the Original Greek by Thomas Haweis)
- 1833 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was in this manner: When his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child by the Holy Spirit. (Webster Version - by Noah Webster)
- 1835 Now the birth of Jesus Christ happened thus: Mary his mother had been espoused to Joseph; but before they came together, she proved to be with child by the Holy Spirit. (Living Oracles by Alexander Campbell)
- 1849 NOW the nativity of Jeshu the Meshicha was thus: While Mariam his mother was betrothed to Jauseph, before they could be consociated, she was found to be with child from the Spirit of Holiness. (Etheridge Translation by John Etheridge)
- 1850 (King James Version by Committee)
- 1851 And the birth of Jesus the Messiah was thus. While his mother Mary was betrothed to Joseph, before they had cohabited, she was found to be with child by the Holy Spirit. (Murdock Translation)
- 1858 The birth of Christ was thus. His mother Mary having been espoused to Joseph, before they came together, was found to be with child by the Holy Spirit. (The New Testament Translated from the Original Greek by Leicester Sawyer)
- 1865 Of the now Jesus Anointed the birth thus was. Being espoused for the mother of him Mary to the Joseph, before either came together them, she was found in womb having by a spirit holy. (The Emphatic Diaglott by Benjamin Wilson)
- 1865 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was after this manner. His mother Mary having been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child by the Holy Spirit. (The New Testament of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ 1865 by American Bible Union)
- 1869 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was in this manner. When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together, she was found to be with child by the Holy Spirit. (Noyes Translation by George Noyes)
- 1873 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. (King James Version) by Frederick Scrivener)
- 1885 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. (Revised Version also called English Revised Version - Charles Ellicott editor)
- 1890 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was thus: His mother, Mary, that is, having been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together, she was found to be with child of [the] Holy Spirit. (Darby Version 1890 by John Darby)
- 1898 And of Jesus Christ, the birth was thus: For his mother Mary having been betrothed to Joseph, before their coming together she was found to have conceived from the Holy Spirit, (Young's Literal Translation by Robert Young)
- 1901 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child of the Holy Spirit. (American Standard Version - Philip Schaff)
- 1902 Now the birth, of [Jesus] Christ, was, thus: His mother Mary having been betrothed to Joseph,––before they came together, she was found with child by [the] Holy Spirit. (The Emphasised Bible Rotherham Version)
- 1902 The birth of Jesus Christ was thus: His mother Mary, having been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together, was found having gestation from the Holy Ghost. (Translation of the New Testament from the Original Greek by William Godbey)
- 1904 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was thus: His mother Mary having been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child of the Holy Spirit. (The New Testament: Revised and Translated by Adolphus Worrell)
- 1904 The birth of Jesus Christ took place as follows:—His mother Mary was betrothed to Joseph, but, before the marriage took place, she found herself to be with child by the power of the Holy Spirit. (Twentieth Century New Testament by Ernest Malan and Mary Higgs)
- 1911 (Syrus Scofield)
- 1912 (Weymouth New Testament)
- 1918 But the birth of Jesus Christ was thus: After his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Spirit. (The New Testament Translated from the Sinaitic Manuscript by Henry Anderson)
- 1923 (Edgar Goodspeed)
- 1995 (New American Standard Bible) (©1995)
- (BBE)
- (Holman Christian Standard Bible)
- (21st Century King James Version)
- (Common English Bible)
- (GOD’S WORD Translation)
- (Contemporary English Version)
- (New Living Translation)
- (Amplified Bible)
- (The Message)
- (New International Reader's Version)
- (Wycliffe New Testament)
Foreign Language Versions
Arabic
- اما ولادة يسوع المسيح فكانت هكذا. لما كانت مريم امه مخطوبة ليوسف قبل ان يجتمعا وجدت حبلى من الروح القدس. (Arabic Smith & Van Dyke)
Aramaic
- ܝܠܕܗ ܕܝܢ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܗܟܢܐ ܗܘܐ ܟܕ ܡܟܝܪܐ ܗܘܬ ܡܪܝܡ ܐܡܗ ܠܝܘܤܦ ܥܕܠܐ ܢܫܬܘܬܦܘܢ ܐܫܬܟܚܬ ܒܛܢܐ ܡܢ ܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ (Aramaic Peshitta)
Basque
- Bada Iesus Christen sortzea hunela içan da. Ecen Maria haren ama Iosephequin fedatua cela, hec elkargana gabe, içorra eriden cedin Spiritu sainduaganic.
Bulgarian
- 1940 А рождението на Исуса Христа биде така: след като бе сгодена майка му Мария за Иосифа, преди да бяха се съединили тя се намери непразна от Светия Дух. (Bulgarian Bible)
Chinese
- 1 耶 稣 基 督 降 生 的 事 记 在 下 面 : 他 母 亲 马 利 亚 已 经 许 配 了 约 瑟 , 还 没 有 迎 娶 , 马 利 亚 就 从 圣 灵 怀 了 孕 。 (Chinese Union Version (Simplified))
- 1 耶 穌 基 督 降 生 的 事 記 在 下 面 : 他 母 親 馬 利 亞 已 經 許 配 了 約 瑟 , 還 沒 有 迎 娶 , 馬 利 亞 就 從 聖 靈 懷 了 孕 。 (Chinese Union Version (Traditional))
French
- Or la naissance de Jésus Christ arriva ainsi: sa mère, Marie, étant fiancée à Joseph, avant qu'ils fussent ensemble, se trouva enceinte par l'Esprit Saint. (French Darby)
- 1744 Or la naissance de Jésus-Christ arriva en cette manière. Comme Marie sa mère eut été fiancée à Joseph, avant qu'ils fussent ensemble, elle se trouva enceinte [par l'opération] du Saint-Esprit. (Martin 1744)
- 1744 Or, la naissance de Jésus-Christ arriva ainsi: Marie, sa mère, ayant été fiancée à Joseph, se trouva enceinte par la vertu du Saint-Esprit, avant qu'ils eussent été ensemble. (Ostervald 1744)
German
- 1545 Die Geburt Christi war aber also getan. Als Maria, seine Mutter, dem Joseph vertrauet war, ehe er sie heimholete, erfand sich's, daß sie schwanger war von dem Heiligen Geist. (Luther 1545)
- 1871 Die Geburt Jesu Christi war aber also: Als nämlich Maria, seine Mutter, dem Joseph verlobt war, wurde sie, ehe sie zusammengekommen waren, schwanger erfunden von dem Heiligen Geiste. (Elberfelder 1871)
- 1912 Die Geburt Christi war aber also getan. Als Maria, seine Mutter, dem Joseph vertraut war, fand sich's ehe er sie heimholte, daß sie schwanger war von dem heiligen Geist. (Luther 1912)
Italian
- 1649 OR la natività di Gesù Cristo avvenne in questo modo. Maria, sua madre, essendo stata sposata a Giuseppe, avanti che fossero venuti a stare insieme si trovò gravida; il che era dello Spirito Santo.(Giovanni Diodati Bible 1649)
- 1927 Or la nascita di Gesù Cristo avvenne in questo modo. Maria, sua madre, era stata promessa sposa a Giuseppe; e prima che fossero venuti a stare insieme, si trovò incinta per virtù dello Spirito Santo. (Riveduta Bible 1927)
Japanese
Latin
- Christi autem generatio sic erat cum esset desponsata mater eius Maria Ioseph antequam convenirent inventa est in utero habens de Spiritu Sancto Latin Vulgate
- 1527 (Erasmus 1527)
- 1527 (Erasmus Vulgate 1527)
Pidgin
- 1996 (Pidgin King Jems)
Romainian
- 2010 Iar naşterea lui Isus Hristos a fost aşa: Maria, mama Lui, era logodită cu Iosif; şi înainte ca să locuiască ei împreună, ea s'a aflat însărcinată dela Duhul Sfînt. (Biblia Traducerea Fidela în limba româna)
Russian
- 1876 Рождество Иисуса Христа было так: по обручении Матери Его Марии с Иосифом, прежде нежели сочетались они, оказалось, что Она имеет во чреве от Духа Святаго. Russian Synodal Version
Phonetically:
Spanish
- Y el nacimiento de Jesucristo fué así: Que siendo María su madre desposada con José, antes que se juntasen, se halló haber concebido del Espíritu Santo. (RVG Spanish)
Swedish
- 1917 Med Jesu Kristi födelse gick det så till. Sedan Maria, hans moder, hade blivit trolovad med Josef, befanns hon, förrän de kommo tillsammans, vara havande av helig ande. (Swedish - Svenska 1917)
Tagalog
- 1905 Ang pagkapanganak nga kay Jesucristo ay ganito: Nang si Maria na kaniyang ina ay magaasawa kay Jose, bago sila magsama ay nasumpungang siya'y nagdadalang-tao sa pamamagitan ng Espiritu Santo. (Ang Dating Biblia 1905)
Tok Pisin
- 1996 (Tok Pisin King Jems)
Vietnamese
- 1934 Vả, sự giáng sinh của Ðức Chúa Jêsus Christ đã xảy ra như vầy: Khi Ma-ri, mẹ Ngài, đã hứa gả cho Giô-sép, song chưa ăn ở cùng nhau, thì người đã chịu thai bởi Ðức Thánh Linh. (VIET)
See Also
External Links
- Wikipedia Article on Matthew 1:18
- Matthew 1:18 - Two Doctrinally Significant Variants in One Verse by James Snapp Jr. Snapp holds to an Equitable Eclectic position.
- Matthew 1:18 in the Bodmin Gospels British Library.
Commentaries
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1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 43 · 44 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 49 · 50 · 51 · 52 · 53 · 54 · 55 · 56 · 57 · 58 · 59 · 60 · 61 · 62 · 63 · 64 · 65 · 66 · 67 · 68 · 69 · 70 · 71 · 72 · 73 · 74 · 75 · 76 · 77 · 78 · 79 · 80 · 81 · 82 · 83 · 84 · 85 · 86 · 87 · 88 · 89 · 90 · 91 · 92 · 93 · 94 · 95 · 96 · 97 · 98 · 99 · 100 · 101 · 102 · 103 · 104 · 105 · 106 · 107 · 108 · 109 · 110 · 111 · 112 · 113 · 114 · 115 · 116 · 117 · 118 · 119 · 120 · 121 · 122 · 123 · 124 · 125 · 126 · 127 · 128 · 129 · 130 · 131 · 132 · 133 · 134 · 135 · 136 · 137 · 138 · 139 · 140 ·
List of New Testament minuscules
1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 43 · 44 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 49 · 50 · 51 · 52 · 53 · 54 · 55 · 56 · 57 · 58 · 59 · 60 · 61 · 62 · 63 · 64 · 65 · 66 · 67 · 68 · 69 · 70 · 71 · 72 · 73 · 74 · 75 · 76 · 77 · 78 · 79 · 80 · 81 · 82 · 83 · 84 · 85 · 86 · 87 · 88 · 89 · 90 · 91 · 92 · 93 · 94 · 95 · 96 · 97 · 98 · 99 · 100 · 101 · 102 · 103 · 104 · 105 · 106 · 107 · 108 · 109 · 110 · 111 · 112 · 113 · 114 · 115 · 116 · 117 · 118 · 119 · 120 · 121 · 122 · 123 · 124 · 125 · 126 · 127 · 128 · 129 · 130 · 131 · 132 · 133 · 134 · 135 · 136 · 137 · 138 · 139 · 140 · 141 · 142 · 143 · 144 · 145 · 146 · 147 · 148 · 149 · 150 · 151 · 152 · 153 · 154 · 155 · 156 · 157 · 158 · 159 · 160 · 161 · 162 · 163 · 164 · 165 · 166 · 167 · 168 · 169 · 170 · 171 · 172 · 173 · 174 · 175 · 176 · 177 · 178 · 179 · 180 · 181 · 182 · 183 · 184 · 185 · 186 · 187 · 188 · 189 · 190 · 191 · 192 · 193 · 194 · 195 · 196 · 197 · 198 · 199 · 200 · 201 · 202 · 203 · 204 · 205 · 206 · 207 · 208 · 209 · 210 · 211 · 212 · 213 · 214 · 215 · 216 · 217 · 218 · 219 · 220 · 221 · 222 · 223 · 224 · 225 · 226 · 227 · 228 · 229 · 230 · 231 · 232 · 233 · 234 · 235 · 236 · 237 · 238 · 239 · 240 · 241 · 242 · 243 · 244 · 245 · 246 · 247 · 248 · 249 · 250 · 251 · 252 · 253 · 254 · 255 · 256 · 257 · 258 · 259 · 260 · 261 · 262 · 263 · 264 · 265 · 266 · 267 · 268 · 269 · 270 · 271 · 272 · 273 · 274 · 275 · 276 · 277 · 278 · 279 · 280 · 281 · 282 · 283 · 284 · 285 · 286 · 287 · 288 · 289 · 290 · 291 · 292 · 293 · 294 · 295 · 296 · 297 · 298 · 299 · 300 · 301 · 302 · 303 · 304 · 305 · 306 · 307 · 308 · 309 · 310 · 311 · 312 · 313 · 314 · 315 · 316 · 317 · 318 · 319 · 320 · 321 · 322 · 323 · 324 · 325 · 326 · 327 · 328 · 329 · 330 · 331 · 332 · 333 · 334 · 335 · 336 · 337 · 338 · 339 · 340 · 341 · 342 · 343 · 344 · 345 · 346 · 347 · 348 · 349 · 350 · 351 · 352 · 353 · 354 · 355 · 356 · 357 · 358 · 359 · 360 · 361 · 362 · 363 · 364 · 365 · 366 · 367 · 368 · 369 · 370 · 371 · 372 · 373 · 374 · 375 · 376 · 377 · 378 · 379 · 380 · 381 · 382 · 383 · 384 · 385 · 386 · 387 · 388 · 389 · 390 · 391 · 392 · 393 · 394 · 395 · 396 · 397 · 398 · 399 · 400 · 401 · 402 · 403 · 404 · 405 · 406 · 407 · 408 · 409 · 410 · 411 · 412 · 413 · 414 · 415 · 416 · 417 · 418 · 419 · 420 · 421 · 422 · 423 · 424 · 425 · 426 · 427 · 428 · 429 · 430 · 431 · 432 · 433 · 434 · 435 · 436 · 437 · 438 · 439 · 440 · 441 · 442 · 443 · 444 · 445 · 446 · 447 · 448 · 449 · 450 · 451 · 452 · 453 · 454 · 455 · 456 · 457 · 458 · 459 · 460 · 461 · 462 · 463 · 464 · 465 · 466 · 467 · 468 · 469 · 470 · 471 · 472 · 473 · 474 · 475 · 476 · 477 · 478 · 479 · 480 · 481 · 482 · 483 · 484 · 485 · 486 · 487 · 488 · 489 · 490 · 491 · 492 · 493 · 494 · 495 · 496 · 497 · 498 · 499 · 500 · 501 · 502 · 503 · 504 · 505 · 506 · 507 · 543 · 544 · 565 · 566 · 579 · 585 · 614 · 639 · 653 · 654 · 655 · 656 · 657 · 658 · 659 · 660 · 661 · 669 · 676 · 685 · 700 · 798 · 823 · 824 · 825 · 826 · 827 · 828 · 829 · 830 · 831 · 876 · 891 · 892 · 893 · 1071 · 1143 · 1152 · 1241 · 1253 · 1423 · 1424 · 1432 · 1582 · 1739 · 1780 · 1813 · 1834 · 2050 · 2053 · 2059 · 2060 · 2061 · 2062 · 2174 · 2268 · 2344 · 2423 · 2427 · 2437 · 2444 · 2445 · 2446 · 2460 · 2464 · 2491 · 2495 · 2612 · 2613 · 2614 · 2615 · 2616 · 2641 · 2754 · 2755 · 2756 · 2757 · 2766 · 2767 · 2768 · 2793 · 2802 · 2803 · 2804 · 2805 · 2806 · 2807 · 2808 · 2809 · 2810 · 2811 · 2812 · 2813 · 2814 · 2815 · 2816 · 2817 · 2818 · 2819 · 2820 · 2821 · 2855 · 2856 · 2857 · 2858 · 2859 · 2860 · 2861 · 2862 · 2863 · 2881 · 2882 · 2907 · 2965 ·
01 · 02 · 03 · 04 · 05 · 06 · 07 · 08 · 09 · 010 · 011 · 012 · 013 · 014 · 015 · 016 · 017 · 018 · 019 · 020 · 021 · 022 · 023 · 024 · 025 · 026 · 027 · 028 · 029 · 030 · 031 · 032 · 033 · 034 · 035 · 036 · 037 · 038 · 039 · 040 · 041 · 042 · 043 · 044 · 045 · 046 · 047 · 048 · 049 · 050 · 051 · 052 · 053 · 054 · 055 · 056 · 057 · 058 · 059 · 060 · 061 · 062 · 063 · 064 · 065 · 066 · 067 · 068 · 069 · 070 · 071 · 072 · 073 · 074 · 075 · 076 · 077 · 078 · 079 · 080 · 081 · 082 · 083 · 084 · 085 · 086 · 087 · 088 · 089 · 090 · 091 · 092 · 093 · 094 · 095 · 096 · 097 · 098 · 099 · 0100 · 0101 · 0102 · 0103 · 0104 · 0105 · 0106 · 0107 · 0108 · 0109 · 0110 · 0111 · 0112 · 0113 · 0114 · 0115 · 0116 · 0117 · 0118 · 0119 · 0120 · 0121 · 0122 · 0123 · 0124 · 0125 · 0126 · 0127 · 0128 · 0129 · 0130 · 0131 · 0132 · 0134 · 0135 · 0136 · 0137 · 0138 · 0139 · 0140 · 0141 · 0142 · 0143 · 0144 · 0145 · 0146 · 0147 · 0148 · 0149 · 0150 · 0151 · 0152 · 0153 · 0154 · 0155 · 0156 · 0157 · 0158 · 0159 · 0160 · 0161 · 0162 · 0163 · 0164 · 0165 · 0166 · 0167 · 0168 · 0169 · 0170 · 0171 · 0172 · 0173 · 0174 · 0175 · 0176 · 0177 · 0178 · 0179 · 0180 · 0181 · 0182 · 0183 · 0184 · 0185 · 0186 · 0187 · 0188 · 0189 · 0190 · 0191 · 0192 · 0193 · 0194 · 0195 · 0196 · 0197 · 0198 · 0199 · 0200 · 0201 · 0202 · 0203 · 0204 · 0205 · 0206 · 0207 · 0208 · 0209 · 0210 · 0211 · 0212 · 0213 · 0214 · 0215 · 0216 · 0217 · 0218 · 0219 · 0220 · 0221 · 0222 · 0223 · 0224 · 0225 · 0226 · 0227 · 0228 · 0229 · 0230 · 0231 · 0232 · 0234 · 0235 · 0236 · 0237 · 0238 · 0239 · 0240 · 0241 · 0242 · 0243 · 0244 · 0245 · 0246 · 0247 · 0248 · 0249 · 0250 · 0251 · 0252 · 0253 · 0254 · 0255 · 0256 · 0257 · 0258 · 0259 · 0260 · 0261 · 0262 · 0263 · 0264 · 0265 · 0266 · 0267 · 0268 · 0269 · 0270 · 0271 · 0272 · 0273 · 0274 · 0275 · 0276 · 0277 · 0278 · 0279 · 0280 · 0281 · 0282 · 0283 · 0284 · 0285 · 0286 · 0287 · 0288 · 0289 · 0290 · 0291 · 0292 · 0293 · 0294 · 0295 · 0296 · 0297 · 0298 · 0299 · 0300 · 0301 · 0302 · 0303 · 0304 · 0305 · 0306 · 0307 · 0308 · 0309 · 0310 · 0311 · 0312 · 0313 · 0314 · 0315 · 0316 · 0317 · 0318 · 0319 · 0320 · 0321 · 0322 · 0323 ·
List of New Testament lectionaries
1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 25b · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 43 · 44 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 49 · 50 · 51 · 52 · 53 · 54 · 55 · 56 · 57 · 58 · 59 · 60 · 61 · 62 · 63 · 64 · 65 · 66 · 67 · 68 · 69 · 70 · 71 · 72 · 73 · 74 · 75 · 76 · 77 · 78 · 79 · 80 · 81 · 82 · 83 · 84 · 85 · 86 · 87 · 88 · 89 · 90 · 91 · 92 · 93 · 94 · 95 · 96 · 97 · 98 · 99 · 100 · 101 · 102 · 103 · 104 · 105 · 106 · 107 · 108 · 109 · 110 · 111 · 112 · 113 · 114 · 115 · 116 · 117 · 118 · 119 · 120 · 121 · 122 · 123 · 124 · 125 · 126 · 127 · 128 · 129 · 130 · 131 · 132 · 133 · 134 · 135 · 136 · 137 · 138 · 139 · 140 · 141 · 142 · 143 · 144 · 145 · 146 · 147 · 148 · 149 · 150 · 151 · 152 · 153 · 154 · 155 · 156 · 157 · 158 · 159 · 160 · 161 · 162 · 163 · 164 · 165 · 166 · 167 · 168 · 169 · 170 · 171 · 172 · 173 · 174 · 175 · 176 · 177 · 178 · 179 · 180 · 181 · 182 · 183 · 184 · 185 · 186 · 187 · 188 · 189 · 190 · 191 · 192 · 193 · 194 · 195 · 196 · 197 · 198 · 199 · 200 · 201 · 202 · 203 · 204 · 205 · 206a · 206b · 207 · 208 · 209 · 210 · 211 · 212 · 213 · 214 · 215 · 216 · 217 · 218 · 219 · 220 · 221 · 222 · 223 · 224 · 225 · 226 · 227 · 228 · 229 · 230 · 231 · 232 · 233 · 234 · 235 · 236 · 237 · 238 · 239 · 240 · 241 · 242 · 243 · 244 · 245 · 246 · 247 · 248 · 249 · 250 · 251 · 252 · 253 · 254 · 255 · 256 · 257 · 258 · 259 · 260 · 261 · 262 · 263 · 264 · 265 · 266 · 267 · 268 · 269 · 270 · 271 · 272 · 273 · 274 · 275 · 276 · 277 · 278 · 279 · 280 · 281 · 282 · 283 · 284 · 285 · 286 · 287 · 288 · 289 · 290 · 291 · 292 · 293 · 294 · 295 · 296 · 297 · 298 · 299 · 300 · 301 · 302 · 303 · 304 · 305 · 306 · 307 · 308 · 309 · 310 · 311 · 312 · 313 · 314 · 315 · 316 · 317 · 318 · 319 · 320 · 321 · 322 · 323 · 324 · 325 · 326 · 327 · 328 · 329 · 330 · 331 · 332 · 368 · 449 · 451 · 501 · 502 · 542 · 560 · 561 · 562 · 563 · 564 · 648 · 649 · 809 · 965 · 1033 · 1358 · 1386 · 1491 · 1423 · 1561 · 1575 · 1598 · 1599 · 1602 · 1604 · 1614 · 1619 · 1623 · 1637 · 1681 · 1682 · 1683 · 1684 · 1685 · 1686 · 1691 · 1813 · 1839 · 1965 · 1966 · 1967 · 2005 · 2137 · 2138 · 2139 · 2140 · 2141 · 2142 · 2143 · 2144 · 2145 · 2164 · 2208 · 2210 · 2211 · 2260 · 2261 · 2263 · 2264 · 2265 · 2266 · 2267 · 2276 · 2307 · 2321 · 2352 · 2404 · 2405 · 2406 · 2411 · 2412 ·