Codex Montfortianus

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Codex Montfortianus designated by 61 (on the list Gregory-Aland; Soden's δ 603), and known as minuscule 61, Erasmus named it Codex Britannicus, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper. It is dated to the early 16th century, though a 15th century date is possible on palaeographic grounds.^[1]

Description

The codex contains the entire of the New Testament. The text is written in one column per page, 21 lines per page, on 455 paper leaves (15.8 cm by 12 cm).^[2]

The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the left margin, and their τιτλοι (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections, with a references to the Eusebian Canons.^[3]

It contains prolegomena, tables of the κεφαλαια before each book, subscriptions at the end, and στιχοι. The titles of the sacred books were written in red ink.^[3]

The order of books: Gospels, Pauline epistles, Acts, General epistles (James, Jude, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John), and Book of Revelation.^[3] The order of General epistles is the same as in Minuscule 326.

Watermark on Codex Montfortianus[1]

Text

The Greek text of the Gospels and Acts of this codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type, Aland placed it in Category V. In Pauline epistles and General epistles its text is mixed. Aland placed it in Category III.^[4] In the Book of Revelation its text belongs to the Byzantine text-type but with a large number of unique textual variants, in a close relationship to the Uncial 046, and Minuscule 69.^[5] In the Gospels close to the manuscripts 56, 58.

In 1 John 5:6 it has textual variant δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος ἁγίου (through water and blood and the Holy Spirit) together with the manuscripts: 39, 326, 1837.^[6]^{[n 1]} Bart D. Ehrman identified this reading as Orthodox corrupt reading.^[7]

It contains the Comma Johanneum as an integral part of the text. An engraved facsimile of the relevant page can be seen in Thomas Hartwell Horne, An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures (London: Cadell and Davies, 1818), vol. 2.2, p. 118.

History

It was the first Greek manuscript discovered that contains the Comma Johanneum in 1 John 5:7-8. It was copied from a 10th century manuscript at Lincoln College, Oxford, that did not have the Comma. Comma was inserted from the Latin.^[8] Its earliest known owner was Froy, a Franciscan friar, then Thomas Clement (1569), then William Chark (1582), then Thomas Montfort, from whom it derives its present name, then Archbishop Ussher, who caused the collation to be made which appears in Walton's Polyglott (Matthew 1:1; Acts 22:29; Romans 1), and presented the manuscript to Trinity College.^[9]^[1]

This codex was used by Erasmus in his third edition of Novum Testamentum (1522).^[1] Erasmus misprinted εμαις for εν αις in Apocalypse 2:13.^[1]

It was described by Wettstein.^[10] Michaelis asserts that this MS. was written after the year 1500, and is therefore of no critical authority. Mill thinks it is very modern; Wetstein ascribes it to the sixteenth century; Griesbach dates it in the fifteenth or sixteenth; and Dr. Adam Clarke, who examined it very particularly, thinks it cannot be older than the thirteenth century.^[3]

The codex now is located at Trinity College (Ms. 30) in Dublin.^[2]

Notes

1. For the another variants of this verse see: Textual variants in the First Epistle of John.

References

1. F. H. A. Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament (George Bell & Sons: London, 1894), vol. 1, p. 200.
2. K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1994, p. 50.
3. Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments, Vol. 1. Leipzig. pp. 142–143. http://www.archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n155/mode/2up.
4. Aland, Kurt; Barbara Aland; Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1.
5. Bruce M. Metzger, Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration, (Oxford University Press, 2005), p. 86.
6. UBS3, p. 823.
7. Bart D. Ehrman, The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1993, p. 60.
8. Bruce M. Metzger, Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration, (Oxford University Press, 2005), p. 88, 147.
9. S. P. Tregelles, "An Introduction to the Critical study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures", London 1856, p. 213-14.
10. Wettstein, Novum Testamentum Graecum (Amsterdam 1751), p. 52

External links

Confessional Bibliology Follow Up: Codex Montfortianus, Erasmus, and 1 John 5:7
Codex Montfortianus at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
Johannum Comma Archives
Wikipeida Article on Codex Montfortianus

The King James Version 2023 Edition New Testament is now complete and in print format here.

Internal Links

Old Testament - New Testament KJV 1900

New Testament KJV 2016

Scrivener's 1894 Textus Receptus

2016 Urdu New Testament (TR Based)

Russian Synodal Version (TR Based)

Reina Valera Gómez Spanish (TR Based)

Marginal Notes in the 1611 Authorized Version

Ephesians 3:9

Why We Should Not Passover Easter 1, 2, & 3

Will Kinney

List of TR/KJV based foreign bibles

List of New Testament minuscules

List of New Testament lectionaries

List of New Testament Papyri

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